The article reviews current literature on the application of blue diode lasers (445–450 nm) in dental procedures. These lasers show strong absorption in pigmented tissues like hemoglobin and melanin but low absorption in water, providing high cutting efficiency and tissue selectivity. Clinical applications include soft tissue surgeries, bacterial decontamination, and aesthetic treatments such as whitening. However, due to their intense absorption characteristics, careful power control is necessary to prevent overheating and tissue damage. The review underscores the promising potential of blue lasers in dentistry and calls for more clinical studies to establish their safety and effectiveness.

This article presents a clinical case using a 450 nm diode laser to treat gingival melanin pigmentation. The laser’s high melanin absorption enables precise, non-ablative removal of dark pigmentation on the gums. The patient reported no pain, bleeding, or swelling, and healing was fast with excellent cosmetic results. After three months, no recurrence was observed, confirming both efficacy and safety. This treatment offers a minimally invasive alternative for improving smile aesthetics.

The study aimed to evaluate scientific literature on using different photosensitizers (PSs) for bacterial reduction in root canal treatment, particularly against Enterococcus faecalis. Databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched with relevant keywords from 2000 to 2015. It was concluded that antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) should be used alongside conventional mechanical debridement and irrigants for effective bacterial elimination. However, the success rate of aPDT depends on factors like the type of PS, laser output power, irradiation time, pre-irradiation time, and type of tips used.

This pilot study investigates the combined effects of conventional podiatric intervention and phototherapy on chronic lower-limb ulcers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The authors recruited seven patients with a total of 15 ulcers and assigned them to three groups receiving either standard care with placebo phototherapy, phototherapy applied directly to ulcers, or phototherapy to both ulcers and regional lymph nodes.

Results demonstrated enhanced healing outcomes in groups receiving phototherapy, with 40% of treated ulcers completely resolving within 8 weeks and no adverse effects reported. The group receiving phototherapy only on the ulcers showed the most favorable healing rate, while additional irradiation of lymph nodes did not significantly improve outcomes.

The study explores the clinical application of a 1470 nm laser combined with a fractional (Frax) handpiece for non-invasive facial rejuvenation. A total of 30 female patients with moderate facial wrinkles and skin laxity underwent treatment sessions spaced 4–6 weeks apart. The Frax handpiece utilizes a microneedle-like array to deliver subdermal laser energy in a fractional pattern, targeting collagen-rich dermal tissue while sparing the epidermis. Evaluations showed statistically significant improvements in skin tightening and wrinkle reduction, with minimal adverse effects such as transient erythema and edema. Pain scores were low, and most patients reported high satisfaction with the aesthetic outcomes. Histological analysis confirmed new collagen and elastin formation post-treatment. The findings suggest that the 1470 nm Frax system is a safe, effective, and patient-friendly modality for facial skin rejuvenation, offering advantages such as minimal downtime, precision targeting, and suitability for diverse skin types.

The facial aging process is the result of anatomical changes in the facial bones and muscles that are ultimately expressed in the elasticity of the skin. Different strategies have been proposed for the management of photoaging such as radiofrequency, fillers, ablative laser with erbium:YAG laser (Er:YAG) and carbon dioxide laser; these last methods have demonstrated benefits in the effectiveness for skin rejuvenation. The minimally invasive facial endolifting technique reported with photothermal, photochemical advantages and long-term results.