This study, titled “Quantifying light energy from 450 nm, 650 nm, 810 nm, and 980 nm wavelength lasers delivered through dental hard tissue” (Lasers in Dental Science, 2022), investigated ex vivo how much light energy from four laser wavelengths penetrates dental crowns to reach the pulp, using 30 extracted human teeth (incisors, premolars, molars).

At 0.5 W for 10 s (5 J total), results showed light transmission strongly depended on wavelength and crown thickness (P < 0.05); tooth type only significantly affected the 450 nm wavelength.

Measured absorption coefficients (µ) were approximately: 980 nm ≈ 2.55 cm⁻¹, 810 nm ≈ 2.45 cm⁻¹, 650 nm ≈ 1.87 cm⁻¹, and 450 nm ≈ 5.42 cm⁻¹ (±10%).

The study concludes that substantial attenuation by hard tissue should be considered in clinical practice to ensure sufficient light energy reaches the pulp for effective photobiomodulation.

In this research, pig‐tongue specimens were excised using either a scalpel (control), micro‑pulsed, or super‑pulsed 940 nm diode lasers to assess thermal damage and cutting efficiency. No laser group showed deeper thermal penetration differences, although the micro‑pulsed setting G3 produced significantly smaller damage areas than some others. Excision times for the super‑pulsed laser were as fast as the scalpel and faster than all micro‑pulsed modes It concluded that super‑pulsed diode lasers, with proper settings, match scalpel speed and reduce collateral tissue damage, offering reliable surgical outcomes.

The article reviews current literature on the application of blue diode lasers (445–450 nm) in dental procedures. These lasers show strong absorption in pigmented tissues like hemoglobin and melanin but low absorption in water, providing high cutting efficiency and tissue selectivity. Clinical applications include soft tissue surgeries, bacterial decontamination, and aesthetic treatments such as whitening. However, due to their intense absorption characteristics, careful power control is necessary to prevent overheating and tissue damage. The review underscores the promising potential of blue lasers in dentistry and calls for more clinical studies to establish their safety and effectiveness.

This pilot study investigates the combined effects of conventional podiatric intervention and phototherapy on chronic lower-limb ulcers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The authors recruited seven patients with a total of 15 ulcers and assigned them to three groups receiving either standard care with placebo phototherapy, phototherapy applied directly to ulcers, or phototherapy to both ulcers and regional lymph nodes.

Results demonstrated enhanced healing outcomes in groups receiving phototherapy, with 40% of treated ulcers completely resolving within 8 weeks and no adverse effects reported. The group receiving phototherapy only on the ulcers showed the most favorable healing rate, while additional irradiation of lymph nodes did not significantly improve outcomes.

The study explores the clinical application of a 1470 nm laser combined with a fractional (Frax) handpiece for non-invasive facial rejuvenation. A total of 30 female patients with moderate facial wrinkles and skin laxity underwent treatment sessions spaced 4–6 weeks apart. The Frax handpiece utilizes a microneedle-like array to deliver subdermal laser energy in a fractional pattern, targeting collagen-rich dermal tissue while sparing the epidermis. Evaluations showed statistically significant improvements in skin tightening and wrinkle reduction, with minimal adverse effects such as transient erythema and edema. Pain scores were low, and most patients reported high satisfaction with the aesthetic outcomes. Histological analysis confirmed new collagen and elastin formation post-treatment. The findings suggest that the 1470 nm Frax system is a safe, effective, and patient-friendly modality for facial skin rejuvenation, offering advantages such as minimal downtime, precision targeting, and suitability for diverse skin types.

The facial aging process is the result of anatomical changes in the facial bones and muscles that are ultimately expressed in the elasticity of the skin. Different strategies have been proposed for the management of photoaging such as radiofrequency, fillers, ablative laser with erbium:YAG laser (Er:YAG) and carbon dioxide laser; these last methods have demonstrated benefits in the effectiveness for skin rejuvenation. The minimally invasive facial endolifting technique reported with photothermal, photochemical advantages and long-term results.